The core risk with lithium-ion batteries in EVs lies in the phenomenon known as thermal runaway, where an increase in temperature causes a reaction that further increases temperature, leading to a cycle that can result in intense fires. These fires can reach extremely high temperatures and are notoriously difficult to extinguish. They require specialized firefighting tactics and equipment, diverging significantly from traditional vehicle fire responses.

Due to the unique challenges of EV fires, there is an increasing demand for specialized training and equipment for first responders. Traditional firefighting methods are less effective against the high-energy fires of EVs, and there's a growing need for updated techniques that address the complexities of EV fires, including the management of high-intensity jet flames and chemical exposures​.

There's a noted lack of specific regulatory and safety standards for EVs, particularly concerning their integration into current infrastructure like car parks and residential areas. This gap highlights the need for updated policies and building codes that specifically address the fire risks associated with EVs, ensuring that safety measures are in place to mitigate potential damages in various settings.